ICT, smart cities  – “ ICT can enable the full integration of the urban mobility system, which means integrating collective and private modes of transport (including public and private vehicles). The integration of services of different kinds and sectors is enabled by ICT and allows for the emergence of Smart Cities. A Smart City uses data, information and communication technologies strategically to: provide more efficient, new or enhanced services to citizens; monitor and track government’s progress toward policy outcomes, including meeting climate change mitigation and adaptation goals; manage and optimize the existing infrastructure, and plan for new more effectively; reduce organizational silos and employ new levels of cross-sector collaboration; and enable innovative business models for public and private sector service provision. “